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HuC6280

Hudson Soft · 1987 · 1980s–1990s · 6 voices

Hudson Soft's HuC6280 integrated the PC Engine's CPU and a six-channel wavetable synthesiser on a single chip, producing a distinctive sound midway between the NES's synthesis and the SNES's sampling that was used with great skill by Hudson's internal composers.

The HuC6280 was a custom chip combining a modified 65C02 CPU with a programmable sound generator directly on the die. The PSG section provided six independent channels, each playing a user-definable 32-sample waveform stored in a 5-bit waveform RAM — effectively a wavetable synthesiser where composers could define the shape of each oscillator's waveform to approximate instruments or create unique timbres. Two of the six channels additionally supported direct D/A (DAC) mode for PCM sample playback. The integration of CPU and audio on a single chip was an unusual and cost-effective design decision; it gave Hudson a platform with considerably richer audio than the NES at a comparably low system cost. The PC Engine's CD-ROM² add-on supplemented the HuC6280's synthesis with CD audio streaming, raising the platform's total audio capability to a level that the SNES would only match with its own CD peripheral.

Found In:
  • NEC PC Engine / TurboGrafx-16
  • PC Engine CD-ROM²
Iconic Tracks:
  • Yuzo Koshiro — Ys I & II PC Engine CD (1989)
  • Various — Bonk's Adventure (1989)
  • Various — Air Zonk (1992)
  • Ryu Umemoto — various PC Engine visual novels
  • Various — Dracula X: Rondo of Blood (1993)
Key Facts:
  • CPU and six-channel PSG integrated on a single custom chip
  • Each channel uses a user-definable 32-sample wavetable — effectively a miniature wavetable synth
  • Two channels have additional PCM DAC mode for sample playback
  • The PC Engine CD-ROM² add-on supplemented the chip with CD audio streaming
  • Waveform RAM can be written at runtime, allowing dynamic timbre changes during playback